VO2 Max — aerobic capacity

The fitness number with the most evidence behind it.

VO2 max is how much oxygen your body can actually use at maximum effort. It’s the standard measure of aerobic capacity, it’s strongly associated with long-term health outcomes, and unlike most fitness metrics it can only be measured — not estimated from your wrist.

Free consultation

Start with a free recovery consult.

Tell us where it hurts and we’ll send a personalized cold + infrared protocol plan within one business day.

7–15 min

Test itself

Treadmill
Or bike
5 zones
Set from your data
Same visit
Results reviewed

Why measure it

Your watch is guessing. This isn't.

Consumer wearables estimate VO2 max from heart rate and pace using a model. It’s a reasonable approximation for tracking your own trend, and a poor one for knowing your actual number — the error is wide enough that two people with identical watch readings can have meaningfully different aerobic capacity.

A laboratory test measures it directly. You wear a mask that captures every breath while the intensity steps up, and the analyser tracks the oxygen you consume and the carbon dioxide you produce until your oxygen uptake plateaus. That plateau is your VO2 max.

The more practical output is your heart rate zones. Most people train in a zone they’ve calculated from the old 220-minus-age formula, which was never intended as a precise tool. Getting real thresholds means your easy days are actually easy and your hard days are actually hard — which is the difference between training and just accumulating fatigue.

What you get

One number, and the five zones that come out of it.

Here they are on a sample report, and what each one is for.

A sample report. Identifying details removed.

The maximum volume of oxygen your body can use per kilogram of body weight per minute. Reported against age- and sex-matched norms so you know where you sit, not just what the figure is. Higher aerobic capacity is consistently associated with better long-term health outcomes in the research literature.

The two points where your metabolism shifts gear — where fat gives way to carbohydrate as the dominant fuel, and where lactate starts accumulating faster than you clear it. These are what actually define your zones, and they’re individual. A formula can’t find them.

Moderate, conversational effort — the zone most endurance training should live in, and the one people most often get wrong by training too hard. Knowing your real Zone 2 range in beats per minute is, for most clients, the single most actionable thing they leave with.

Where intervals belong. Having a measured ceiling means hard sessions are calibrated rather than guessed — and it makes it obvious when you’re accidentally doing them on what was supposed to be an easy day.

How your fuel mix shifts from fat toward carbohydrate as effort rises, including roughly where your fat oxidation peaks. Useful for planning nutrition around longer sessions and events.

What the report shows

Every breath, plotted.

Two of the pages you leave with. The first is the test itself — oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, and heart rate across the whole session, with your aerobic and anaerobic thresholds and your VO2 max marked where they actually fell.

The second shows how your fuel mix shifts as effort rises — fat calories giving way to carbohydrate stage by stage. It’s the clearest picture there is of why easy training and hard training do different things.

Sample reports. Identifying details removed.

Your test

Short, hard, and over quickly.

Beforehand

Come rested and fuelled

No hard training for 24 hours — you can’t reach your ceiling on tired legs. Eat a light meal two to three hours before, stay hydrated, skip caffeine on the day, and bring proper training shoes and clothes.

Setup

Mask fitted, warm-up on the treadmill or bike

You’ll be fitted with a mask that captures your breath, and a heart rate monitor. Then an easy warm-up while we check everything is reading correctly.
The test

Intensity steps up until you're done

Speed or resistance increases at set intervals. You keep going until you can’t sustain the effort — that’s the point of it. Typically 7 to 15 minutes depending on your fitness. You can stop at any time, and someone is with you the whole way.

After

Cool down, then read your zones

A few minutes easy, then we go through your results together — your number against age-matched norms, your thresholds, and your zones in beats per minute. You leave with the report.

A note on claims

What the number does and doesn't tell you.

Higher aerobic capacity is consistently associated with better long-term health outcomes across large population studies. That’s an association across groups, not a prediction about you — a good number doesn’t make you safe and a modest one doesn’t doom you, and we won’t sell it to you as a life-expectancy readout.

What it genuinely gives you is a measured starting point and correctly calibrated training zones. VO2 max also responds well to training, which makes it one of the more satisfying things to retest — measure, train deliberately for a few months, measure again.

Pricing

One test, or the full picture.

Testing is included at member rates across the Restore, Reshape, and Radiate tiers.

Common questions

Common questions.

Your watch estimates it from heart rate and pace using a model. This measures the oxygen you actually consume, breath by breath. The watch figure is fine for watching your own trend; it isn’t reliable as an absolute number, and it can’t find your individual thresholds at all.
No — the test is scaled to you, and it ends when you’ve reached your own maximum, not a set standard. What matters is that you’re medically able to exercise to maximum effort. Read the screening section above before booking.
Hard, briefly. The last two or three minutes are genuinely uncomfortable, which is the point — we can’t find your ceiling without reaching it. It’s over quickly, you can stop at any moment, and someone is beside you throughout.
Whichever suits you. Runners should test on the treadmill and cyclists on the bike, because results are somewhat specific to the activity. If you’re neither, pick the one you feel steadier on.
Three to six months if you’re training deliberately — that’s long enough for aerobic adaptation to show. Annually otherwise. Retest under the same conditions on the same equipment for the comparison to mean anything.
DEXA yes. RMR needs to come first and before you’ve exerted yourself — so we’d run RMR fasted at the start, then VO2 max after you’ve eaten. Tell us when booking and we’ll sequence it.